Solar System Formation PowerPoint

Solar System Presentation

Big Bang and Inflation Theories

The big bang, the most common theory about how the universe was created. The origin of the big bang came from a Roman Catholic priest and physicist Georges Lemaitre in 1927 after calculating the Friedman solution and suggesting that the universe was expanding. After this, there was people who were concerned because of Lemaitre being a priest that he put forth a theory of  creation instead of taking it from a religious stand point. Fast forward to 2001, a program by NASA, the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe provided evidence of a period of inflation that was in the early universe, giving more reason to believe the inflation theory. The inflation theory brings ideas of quantum physics and particle physics together to explore early moments of the universe. The only problem with the inflation theory is that inflation could continue forever and never end. If this was true the idea of the early universe presented by Coleman would not work. The inflation theory is theory that brings us the idea of a multiverse, where there is more than one universe that is similar to the one we live in now, but with different environmental conditions.

The Big CRUNCH

The big crunch theory is not exactly like the other theories on the creation of the universe, this theory is just used as evidence that is used for the big bang theory. Also, it states that astronomers should be able to see the universe expanding, but that is mainly if we have the correct technology yet, for all we know, we might just have a little bit of the technology that we'd need to be able to something like this, but if we could, I believe that it would be very interesting. After the big bang supposedly happened, the temperature in the universe dropped from around 5432 degrees Fahrenheit, which allowed more stable particles to form. Another theory that explains how the big crunch works is that the galaxies we know of now were once protogalaxies, that matured into a galaxy. Going beyond the big bang, it's said that there are three different possibilities that the universe could be, which are: open, flat, or closed.

Ekpyrotic Universe

Along with being difficult to say, the ekpyrotic universe theory is also very difficult to understand. However, it makes sense at the same time, the universe has no natural way in order to make stars, galaxies, or larger scale universe structures, which in fact, the universe does not. This theory basically uses the idea that two 3-D universes collided with an extra dimension, then stuck because of the kinetic energy that was collected during the collision. The theory justifies this by stating that quantum effects is what caused the two 3-D universes to collide because of the two rippling along the extra dimension before their collision. The model of the ekpyrotic universe has been studied as well as, vetted for the past twenty years, and is based on unproven ideas in string theory, as well as being brand new.

The Big Twang

Out of many different theories on the creation of the universe that I've read over the past week, I would say that the big twang theory is one of the interesting ones, however, I find it preposterous. The big twang theory basically states that the universe was formed by singing cosmic superstrings that would form galaxy-sized vibrating loops with great gravity. Basically, in my opinion, the big twang is just a variation of the String Theory, saying that the birth of the universe was as if someone plucked a string, then, BOOM!, there's a universe there. However, it does provide a few things that make more sense, by saying with the universe expanding we can see it as a wavefront of cosmic sound, instead of just the universe getting bigger, because honestly, that just sounds boring to think of.

The Big Bang and Steady State

Between the two theories the main scientists mentioned in the article don't completely account for all of the possibilities that were in the universe. For example, Gamow couldn't account for the heavier elements that were in the universe. The story that explains how steady state theory is not taken in a serious way. Hoyle, one of the scientists that helped develop steady state theory, had said that it was a fundamental axiom. Steady state theory describes a universe that would remain constant; however, a big bang universe has an expansion rate that would continuously slow. It was believed by Ryle in 1951 that radio waves were located within our galaxy, however, most of them were extragalactic. Finally, in 1965, the debate between the big bang and steady state theories were over, the big bang was the clear winner out of everything.